Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca

The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific sett...

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Principais autores:	Viol, A., Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda, Onias, Heloisa, Araújo, Dráulio Barros de, Viswanathan, G. M.
Formato:	article
Idioma:	eng
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Assuntos:	Ayahuasca Shannon entropy Psychedelic fMRI
Endereço do item:	https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23825
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id	ri-123456789-23825
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spelling	ri-123456789-238252021-07-08T18:34:03Z Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M. Ayahuasca Shannon entropy Psychedelic fMRI The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of “mind-expansion” frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs. 2017-09-11T16:46:00Z 2017-09-11T16:46:00Z 2017-08-07 article https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23825 10.1038/s41598-017-06854-0 eng Acesso Aberto application/pdf
institution	Repositório Institucional
collection	RI - UFRN
language	eng
topic	Ayahuasca Shannon entropy Psychedelic fMRI
spellingShingle	Ayahuasca Shannon entropy Psychedelic fMRI Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M. Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
description	The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of “mind-expansion” frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs.
format	article
author	Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M.
author_facet	Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M.
author_sort	Viol, A.
title	Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
title_short	Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
title_full	Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
title_fullStr	Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
title_full_unstemmed	Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
title_sort	shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic ayahuasca
publishDate	2017
url	https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23825
work_keys_str_mv	AT viola shannonentropyofbrainfunctionalcomplexnetworksundertheinfuenceofthepsychedelicayahuasca AT palhanofontesfernanda shannonentropyofbrainfunctionalcomplexnetworksundertheinfuenceofthepsychedelicayahuasca AT oniasheloisa shannonentropyofbrainfunctionalcomplexnetworksundertheinfuenceofthepsychedelicayahuasca AT araujodrauliobarrosde shannonentropyofbrainfunctionalcomplexnetworksundertheinfuenceofthepsychedelicayahuasca AT viswanathangm shannonentropyofbrainfunctionalcomplexnetworksundertheinfuenceofthepsychedelicayahuasca
_version_	1773957603168092160

Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca

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