Revisão morfológica e molecular do gênero Cyathus Haller (Nidulariaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
The genus Cyathus Haller was established in 1768, but in-depth taxonomic studies with the group only occurred after 1844. In the following years changes in the infrageneric classification of Cyathus were proposed, based mainly on morphology. In 1906 Lloyd distributed the species into five groups,...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | por |
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Brasil
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23671 |
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| Resumo: | The genus Cyathus Haller was established in 1768, but in-depth taxonomic studies with the
group only occurred after 1844. In the following years changes in the infrageneric
classification of Cyathus were proposed, based mainly on morphology. In 1906 Lloyd
distributed the species into five groups, and in 1975 Brodie expanded to seven groups. With
the advances of phylogenetic studies, the morphological classifications were tested and a new
subdividion into three groups was proposed by Zhao and collaborators in 2007. Based on the
morphological characteristics used in the last two classifications, is remarkable the presence
of ambiguous and poorly delimited morphological characters, which makes identification at
species level often doubtful. Thus, this PhD thesis aimed to understand the phylogenetic
relationships of the fungi in the genus Cyathus and how these relations reflect in the
taxonomic characterization, through morphological and molecular analyzes covering most of
the type species of the group. The specimens analyzed come from national (JPB, URM,
UESC and UFRN-Fungos) and international fungal collections (BBH, BPI, PH, DAOM, K,
MA-Fungi, PC and TNS). Morphological and molecular analyzes were performed in Brazil
and Japan: the morphology followed the standard methodology for the group, and the
molecular analysis was performed based on protocols available in the literature or indicated
by the reagent manufacturers, with steps adapted for the genus Cyathus, including the design
of specific primers. New informational morphological characters were defined from the
description of 50 types and 4 other species. All 81 species with name in current use were
discussed. Figure plates, list of invalid names and list of synonyms are also presented. The
phylogenetic analyzes using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian included 36 species, 25 of
them being classified in some nomenclatural type category. The monophyletism of Cyathus
was confirmed with maximum support in both tests, and the infrageneric groups of the last
classification based on molecular data were unchanged, however the clade striatum showed
segregation into five groups and two subgroups. All the phylogenetic organization is
supported based on morphological characters and diagnoses are presented for each clusters as
well as a dichotomous key for the infrageneric separation. |
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