Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities
BACKGROUND: Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network (DMN), purportedly through a glutamatergi...
Na minha lista:
| Principais autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Publicado em: |
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23527 |
| Tags: |
Adicionar Tag
Sem tags, seja o primeiro a adicionar uma tag!
|
| id |
ri-123456789-23527 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
ri-123456789-235272021-07-08T18:34:36Z Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S. Hallak, Jaime E. C. Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A. Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C. Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects BACKGROUND: Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network (DMN), purportedly through a glutamatergic mechanism. Post-acutely, ayahuasca potentiates mindfulness capacities in volunteers, and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanisms underlying these fast and maintained effects are poorly understood. Here we investigated in an open-label uncontrolled study in sixteen healthy volunteers ayahuasca-induced post-acute neurometabolic and connectivity modifications, and their association with mindfulness measures. METHODS: Using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and functional connectivity, we compared baseline and post-acute neurometabolites and seed-to-voxel connectivity in the posterior (PCC) and anterior (ACC) cingulate cortex after a single ayahuasca dose. RESULTS: MRS showed post-acute reductions in Glx (glutamate+glutamine), creatine and NAA-NAAG (N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate) in the PCC. Connectivity was increased between the PCC and the ACC, and between the ACC and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe (MTL). Glx reductions correlated with increases in the "Non-Judging" subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Increased ACC-MTL connectivity correlated with increased scores on the Self-Compassion questionnaire. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in "Non-Judging" two months later. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the effects of psychedelics in humans. They further suggest that neurometabolic changes in the PCC, a key region within the DMN, and increased connectivity between the ACC and MTL structures involved in emotion and memory, potentially underlie the post-acute psychological effects of ayahuasca. 2017-06-27T14:32:33Z 2017-06-27T14:32:33Z 2017-06-13 article https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23527 10.1093/ijnp/pyx036 eng Acesso Aberto application/pdf |
| institution |
Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
RI - UFRN |
| language |
eng |
| topic |
ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects |
| spellingShingle |
ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S. Hallak, Jaime E. C. Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A. Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C. Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| description |
BACKGROUND:
Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network (DMN), purportedly through a glutamatergic mechanism. Post-acutely, ayahuasca potentiates mindfulness capacities in volunteers, and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanisms underlying these fast and maintained effects are poorly understood. Here we investigated in an open-label uncontrolled study in sixteen healthy volunteers ayahuasca-induced post-acute neurometabolic and connectivity modifications, and their association with mindfulness measures.
METHODS:
Using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and functional connectivity, we compared baseline and post-acute neurometabolites and seed-to-voxel connectivity in the posterior (PCC) and anterior (ACC) cingulate cortex after a single ayahuasca dose.
RESULTS:
MRS showed post-acute reductions in Glx (glutamate+glutamine), creatine and NAA-NAAG (N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate) in the PCC. Connectivity was increased between the PCC and the ACC, and between the ACC and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe (MTL). Glx reductions correlated with increases in the "Non-Judging" subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Increased ACC-MTL connectivity correlated with increased scores on the Self-Compassion questionnaire. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in "Non-Judging" two months later.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results support the involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the effects of psychedelics in humans. They further suggest that neurometabolic changes in the PCC, a key region within the DMN, and increased connectivity between the ACC and MTL structures involved in emotion and memory, potentially underlie the post-acute psychological effects of ayahuasca. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S. Hallak, Jaime E. C. Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A. Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C. Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi |
| author_facet |
Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S. Hallak, Jaime E. C. Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A. Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C. Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi |
| author_sort |
Sampedro, Frederic |
| title |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| title_short |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| title_full |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| title_fullStr |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| title_sort |
assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23527 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT sampedrofrederic assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT delafuenterevengamario assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT vallemarta assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT robertonatalia assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT dominguezclaveelisabet assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT elicesmatilde assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT lunaluiseduardo assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT crippajosealexandres assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT hallakjaimeec assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT araujodrauliobarrosde assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT friedlanderpablo assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT barkerstevena assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT alvarezenrique assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT solerjoaquim assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT pascualjuanc assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT feildingamanda assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities AT ribajordi assessingthepsychedelicafterglowinayahuascauserspostacuteneurometabolicandfunctionalconnectivitychangesareassociatedwithenhancedmindfulnesscapacities |
| _version_ |
1773964233358180352 |