Fatores contextuais do envelhecimento populacional no nordeste brasileiro
The changing age distribution in Brazil occurs quickly and in an unfavorable environment socio-economically. The Brazilian Northeast, historically, highlighted by the presence of deep social inequality appears as the third most aged region of the country and this fact becomes important, considering...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | por |
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Brasil
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21960 |
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| Resumo: | The changing age distribution in Brazil occurs quickly and in an unfavorable environment socio-economically. The Brazilian Northeast, historically, highlighted by the presence of deep social inequality appears as the third most aged region of the country and this fact becomes important, considering its extensive territorial dimension as well as an unfavorable socio-environmental context. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the context and the aging population in the Northeast of Brazil. This is an ecological study, whose scenario corresponds to the Northeast region, consisting of nine states and 1,794 municipalities. We collected demographic data and several socioeconomic indicators in the electronic databases of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Applied Economic Research Institute (IPEA), the Human Development Atlas of the United Nations Development Programme (PNUD) and the SUS Department of Informatics (DATASUS). The outcome of the study was the levels of population aging, defined from cluster analysis that grouped municipalities, considering five demographic aging indicators (percentage of elderly, aging index, “over-aging”, senile dependence and population replacement in active age index). The principal component analysis was used to obtain socioeconomic-demographics factors, which represented the independent variables of the study. Other variables with theoretical importance for the outcome were also selected. It was held georeferencing of the outcome variable data using TabWin 3.6b, for visual identification of Northeast aging profile, according to the levels of aging. In association analyzes used the ANOVA test for the factors and others quantitative variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables. In both tests it was considered a 5% significance level. We used the ordinal logistic regression analysis to verify the actual associations with the outcome. It was observed that aging in the Northeast shows a pattern of heterogeneous distribution, with concentration higher levels in the region belonging to the semi-arid region, covering the interior and south-central of the Ceará state, parts of the western, central and harsh regions of Rio Grande do Norte state, and almost all of the area of Paraiba state, except the coastal region. The high levels of aging were associated with good levels of education, dependence on government income, the net migration of the general population, the reason urban/rural and some states of the region, taking as reference for comparison, the state of Paraiba. It is important the aging situational study in Northeast Brazil, a region that, although unequally, has a large contingent of elderly. The understanding of such distribution, in turn, can lead to the identification of local and/or general determinants of the population aging, to be addressed in the pro-aging policies. |
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