Emprego de geossintéticos na construção de telhados verdes: análise da capacidade de retenção de água
Considering the current environmental situation in large cities, as well as the soil sealing, which is responsible for reducing the soil infiltration capacity, this study presents the green roofing technique as a feasible and compensatory alternative in controlling urban runoff. Besides, the green r...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21597 |
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| Resumo: | Considering the current environmental situation in large cities, as well as the soil sealing, which is responsible for reducing the soil infiltration capacity, this study presents the green roofing technique as a feasible and compensatory alternative in controlling urban runoff. Besides, the green roofs, also known as living roofs, vegetated roofs or ecoroofs, provide advantages such as reduction of heat islands in urban centers, good thermal insulation in hot and cold climates, improve the air quality and others. Green roofs are relatively popular in Europe, especially in Germany, where there is a wide and growing use of the system. Geosynthetic materials may play na importante role in technical improvements, since they can be used with different functions such as waterproofing the base, protection against roots, filter, drain, water storage and stability of the substrate. The main objective of this research was to register the water retention capacity of different configurations of green roofs through small scale green roof modules and a rain simulator. Different geosynthetics materials were used as drainage layer. In addition, plane and inclined conditions were tested. Construction and operational aspects of the modules were also observed. As a result, it was confirmed that green roofs, even with substrate height of 4 cm, can retain considerable amount of water, which added to the delay in the beginning of the flow. They can be used as a compensatory measure in urban drainage systems. The retention rate from the module that there was geomat as drainage layer was between 47% (inclined) and 65% (plane). Such water retention rate was obtained for precipitation intensities equal to 44 mm/h and 42 mm/h, respectively, subjected to 20-minute long rain simulation. This module presented a delay in the flow beginning equal to 9 minutes (inclined) and 15 minutes (plane). Thus, the slope of the green roof has shown a great influence in both the retention rate and the time necessary to start the flow of rainwater. The module in which only a geotextile nonwoven separates the substrate from the waterproofing layer presented excellent water retention capacity, yet a lower drainage capabiltiy. It means that the intensity of precipitation was higher than the flow rate supported by the system, causing overflowing. In the module with geomat as drainage layer, the system worked perfectly, showing no overflow at any occasion. Regarding the use of geosynthetics, it was possible to mount the modules without any problems, in a simple and quickly manner, requiring only a few hours to assemble the materials and vegetation. |
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