Estudo comparativo entre antipsicóticos atípicos no tratamento da esquizofrenia e sua influência na qualidade de vida dos pacientes
Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental illness; diagnosis occurs mainly during adolescence. The pharmacological treatment is done with typical and atypical antipsychotics. Atypical have the advantage of reduced extrapyramidal effects, which make them promising for the treatment of schizo...
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Formato: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/20307 |
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Resumo: | Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental illness; diagnosis occurs mainly during
adolescence. The pharmacological treatment is done with typical and atypical antipsychotics.
Atypical have the advantage of reduced extrapyramidal effects, which make them promising
for the treatment of schizophrenia, furthermore, they have shown significant metabolic and
hormonal changes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of atypical
antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone on the quality of life and on their adverse effects in
schizophrenic patients. For this we analyzed the quality of life of patients with
implementation of EuroQol-5D-3L instrument and performing biochemical and hormonal
tests, blood pressure measurement, and measurement of anthropometric indices, besides the
application of Ugvalg scales for Kliniske Undersgelser (UKU) and Simpson-Angus, who
evaluated the side effects caused by drugs. Data were analyzed using the Student t test and
chi-square test, with 5% significance level. The results showed that the EuroQol the
antipsychotic olanzapine causes significant losses associated with personal care (p <0.001).
Comparing the two groups of antipsychotics, the average years of quality-adjusted life, known
per QALY was favorable for the risperidone group (p <0.032). The results of olanzapine and
risperidone groups were compared. In terms of socioeconomic, it was observed that men used,
the prevalent form, olanzapine (p <0.008); this same group showed the following results
significantly unfavorable, related to anthropometric variables: waist circumference (p <0.01),
hip circumference (p <0.02), weight (p <0.02) and blood pressure (p <0.04). The biochemical
and hormonal analyzes showed that olanzapine resulted in losses related to the following
variables: triglycerides (p <0.04), HDL cholesterol in men (p < 0.02) and cortisol (p < 0.01).
In risperidone users, the only negative value was prolactin (p < 0.04). Regarding the analysis
of the Simpson-Angus scale, the group treated with olanzapine was handicapped because the
average total scores for olanzapine was 0.38, while for risperidone was 0.11 (p < 0.02). In the
UKU scale, the following results were obtained also unfavorable for the olanzapine group:
fatigue (P <0.02), dystonia (p <0.01) and tremor (p <0.03). According to the UKU scale, the
side effects present in the risperidone group included: gynecomastia (p <0.01), ejaculatory
dysfunction (p <0.02) and erectile dysfunction (p <0.02). It was concluded that olanzapine
users had the worst score of quality of life, higher metabolic risks associated with overweight
and inadequate lipid profile and greater tendency to extrapyramidal manifestations. However,
risperidone users were more likely to adverse reactions due to hormonal changes. |
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