Ocorrência de compostos de interesse emergente no aquífero Dunas-Barreiras e nos esgotos de Natal/RN
The detection of emerging interest microcontaminants in environmental samples of surface water, groundwater, drinking water, wastewater and effluents from water and sewage treatment plants (WTP and STP), in many countries, suggests these pollutants are widespread in the environment, mainly in urb...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/20030 |
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| Resumo: | The detection of emerging interest microcontaminants in environmental samples of
surface water, groundwater, drinking water, wastewater and effluents from water and
sewage treatment plants (WTP and STP), in many countries, suggests these
pollutants are widespread in the environment, mainly in urban areas. This is a reason
for great concern, since many of these compounds are potentially harmful for
humans other living beings, and they are not efficiently removed in the majority of
WTP and STP, which is exacerbated by precariousness of water supply and
sanitation services. In Natal, like other Brazilian cities, the sewage system serves
only part of the urban area (about 30%), so that the rest of the wastewater is
infiltrated in the sandy soil of the region in cesspool-dry well systems. This has
resulted in contamination of groundwater in the area (sand-dune barrier aquifer,
which supplies more than 50% of the city population), which has been observed by
the increase in nitrate concentration in supply wells. The vulnerability of the sanddune
barrier aquifer, combined with reports of the presence of emerging interest
microcontaminants in Brazil and worldwide, led to this research, which investigated
the occurrence of fifteen microcontaminants in Natal groundwater and sewage.
Samples were collected at five wells used for water supply, the raw sewage and the
effluents from biological reactors from STP (UASB and activated sludge reactors).
Two samples of each sample were taken, with one week apart between the samples.
To determine the contaminants, extraction of aquifer water, and raw and treated
sewage samples were performed, through the technique of using SPE Strata X
cartridge (Phenomenex®) to the aquifer water, and Strata SAX and Strata X
(Phenomenex® ) for samples of raw and treated sewage. Subsequently the extracts
were analyzed using GC-MS technique. Much of the analyzed microcontaminants
were detected in groundwater and sewage. The concentrations in groundwater are
generally lower than those found in the sewers. Some of the compounds (estrone,
estradiol, bisphenol A, caffeine, diclofenac, naproxen, paracetamol and ibuprofen)
are partially removed at STP. |
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