Dinâmica das configurações de formação e inibição das chuvas no Rio Grande do Norte: caracterização hidroclimática do estado
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the main meteorological mechanisms trainers and inhibitors of precipitation, and the interactions between different scales of operation, the spatial and temporal variability of the annual cycle of precipitation in the Rio Grande do Norte. Além disso,...
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Formato: | doctoralThesis |
Idioma: | por |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19447 |
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Resumo: | This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the main meteorological mechanisms trainers and
inhibitors of precipitation, and the interactions between different scales of operation, the spatial
and temporal variability of the annual cycle of precipitation in the Rio Grande do Norte. Além
disso, considerando as circunstâncias locais e regionais, criando assim uma base científica para
apoiar ações futuras na gestão da demanda de água no Estado. Database from monthly
precipitation of 45 years, ranging between 1963 and 2007, data provided by EMPARN. The
methodology used to achieve the results was initially composed of descriptive statistical
analysis of historical data to prove the stability of the series, were applied after, geostatistics
tool for plotting maps of the variables, within the geostatistical we opted for by Kriging
interpolation method because it was the method that showed the best results and minor errors.
Among the results, we highlight the annual cycle of rainfall the State which is influenced by
meteorological mechanisms of different spatial and temporal scales, where the main
mechanisms cycle modulators are the Conference Intertropical Zone (ITCZ) acting since midFebruary
to mid May throughout the state, waves Leste (OL), Lines of instability (LI), breeze
systems and orographic rainfall acting mainly in the Coastal strip between February and July.
Along with vortice of high levels (VCANs), Complex Mesoscale Convective (CCMs) and
orographic rain in any region of the state mainly in spring and summer. In terms of larger scale
phenomena stood out El Niño and La Niña, ENSO in the tropical Pacific basin. In La Niña
episodes usually occur normal or rainy years, as upon the occurrence of prolonged periods of
drought are influenced by EL NIÑO. In the Atlantic Ocean the standard Dipole also affects the
intensity of the rainfall cycle in State. The cycle of rains in Rio Grande do Norte is divided into
two periods, one comprising the regions West, Central and the Western Portion of the
Wasteland Potiguar mesoregions of west Chapada Borborema, causing rains from midFebruary
to mid-May and a second period of cycle, between February-July, where rains occur
in mesoregions East and of the Wasteland, located upwind of the Chapada Borborema, both
interspersed with dry periods without occurrence of significant rainfall and transition periods
of rainy - dry and dry-rainy where isolated rainfall occur. Approximately 82% of the rainfall
stations of the state which corresponds to 83.4% of the total area of Rio Grande do Norte, do
not record annual volumes above 900 mm. Because the water supply of the State be maintained
by small reservoirs already are in an advanced state of eutrophication, when the rains occur, act
to wash and replace the water in the reservoirs, improving the quality of these, reducing the
eutrophication process. When rain they do not significantly occur or after long periods of
shortages, the process of eutrophication and deterioration of water in dams increased
significantly. Through knowledge of the behavior of the annual cycle of rainfall can have an
intimate knowledge of how it may be the tendency of rainy or prone to shortages following
period, mainly observing the trends of larger scale phenomena |
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