Revitalização do Rio Golandim (RN/Brasil) após décadas de contaminação por efluentes industriais e domésticos: este rio está recuperado?
Environmental pollution causes the loss of the quality of aquatic resources and also affects the health of human beings. The Golandim River is located in São Gonçalo do Amarante (RN Brazil) and had its water recovered seven years ago by measurements of parameters of the water s quality analyses...
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Formato: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18230 |
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Resumo: | Environmental pollution causes the loss of the quality of aquatic resources and also affects the
health of human beings. The Golandim River is located in São Gonçalo do Amarante (RN
Brazil) and had its water recovered seven years ago by measurements of parameters of the
water s quality analyses physicochemistry, microbiological and heavy metals. However, it
is not well established if this river is truly recovered, so this study provides a wide knowledge
about the quality of these waters. Therefore, this investigation was accomplished by assays of
ecotoxicology utilizing Ceriodaphnia dubia and of genotoxicity of the river s water using a
biomarker Tradescantia Pallida (Trad-MCN). In set, it carried through a study of
environmental perception through questionnaires that approached questions related to the
profile of the interviewed one, knowledge on the environment and of the river Golandim with
the community that lives in the neighborhoods of the river to diagnosis as they perceive the
environment where live and its problems. The assays of the water had been carried out by
collecting samples in three different sites of the Golandim River. They were collected
between the periods of December 2010 (dry season in the northeast of Brazil) and July 2011
(rainy season in the northeast of). The analysis of the data allowed observing that the majority
of the inhabitants are adult and presents a global vision of what it is part of the environment,
the majority mentions the pollution of the river as one of the problems of the city, considering
it serious. The ecotoxicology assay showed that there was not acute toxicity in all three
samples collected. Meanwhile, all these three samples demonstrated significant chronic
toxicity. The results from the Trad-MCN assay presented an increase in the frequency of
micronucleus in one of the sites analyzed (S3) (p<0.01), in both seasons collected. On the
other hand, the sites S1 and S2 did not presented a significant increase of micronucleus using
this bioassay. The analyses of chemicals detected an increase in the levels of some metals, in
different seasons and samples, which can be associates with some compounds found in urban
and industrial areas. On the other hand, the physicochemistries parameters demonstrated that
the Golandim River is recouped, when compared with the values presented at the
CONAMA s legislation. However, these results indicate the presence of compounds capable
of inducing chromosomal mutation in plants. On the other hand, the parameters physicistchemistries
demonstrate that the river Golandim is if recouping, since when compares the
values observed with the legislation of the CONAMA. All these results point to the fact that
the Trad-MCN assay was sensitive and efficient biomarker for chromosomal instability and
the C. dubia ecotoxicology assay was as though an efficient biomarker of toxicity of water s
quality. The results from Trad-MCN associated with the ecotoxicology demonstrates that
these analyses are important for environmental monitoring, once the first bioassay described
above indicates alterations at the standards of cells and the other one indicates alterations at
the standards of organisms. This study alerts for the necessity to carry out biological assays
for the analyses of the water s quality |
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