Extração e análise da fração lipídica da microalga monoraphidium sp., síntese e caracterização do seu biodiesel
The cultivation of microalgae biomass in order to produce biodiesel arises as an extremely promising aspect, in that the microalgae culture includes short cycle of reproduction, smaller areas for planting and residual biomass rich in protein content. The present dissertation evaluates the performanc...
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Formato: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/17702 |
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Resumo: | The cultivation of microalgae biomass in order to produce biodiesel arises as an
extremely promising aspect, in that the microalgae culture includes short cycle of
reproduction, smaller areas for planting and residual biomass rich in protein content. The
present dissertation evaluates the performance and features, through spectrometry in the
region of infrared with transformed Fourier (FTIR) and spectrometry in the region of UVvisible
(UV-Vis), of the extracted lipid material (LM) using different techniques of cell wall
disruption (mechanical agitation at low and at high spin and agitation associated with
cavitation). The technique of gas chromatography (GC) brought to light the success of
alkaline transesterification in the conversion of oil into methyl monoesters (MME), which
was also analyzed by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, proton magnetic resonance (1H NMR)
and carbon (13C NMR). Through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were analyzed the lipid
material (LM), biodiesel and the microalgae biomass. The method which provided the best
results concerning the efficiency in extraction of the LP of Monoraphidium sp. (12,51%) was
by mechanical agitation at high spin (14 000 rpm), for 2 hours being the ideal time, as shown
by the t test. The spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR) confirmed that the
structure of methyl monoesters and the chromatographic data (CG) revealed a high content of
saturated fatty acid esters (about 70%) being the major constituent eicosanoic acid (33,7%),
which justifies the high thermal stability of microalgae biodiesel. The TGA also ratified the
conversion rate (96%) of LM into MME, pointing out the quantitative results compatible with
the values obtained through GC (about 98%) and confirmed the efficiency of the extraction
methods used, showing that may be a good technique to confirm the extraction of these
materials. The content of LM microalgae obtained (12,51%) indicates good potential for using
such material as a raw material for biodiesel production, when compared to oil content which
can be obtained from traditional oil for this use, since the productivity of microalgae per
hectare is much larger and requires an extremely reduced period to renew its cultivation |
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