Controle aplicado a poços com método de elevação e bombeio centrífugo submerso
The Electrical Submersible Pumping is an artificial lift method for oil wells employed in onshore and offshore areas. The economic revenue of the petroleum production in a well depends on the oil flow and the availability of lifting equipment. The fewer the failures, the lower the revenue shortfa...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/13024 |
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| Resumo: | The Electrical Submersible Pumping is an artificial lift method for oil wells employed in
onshore and offshore areas. The economic revenue of the petroleum production in a well depends
on the oil flow and the availability of lifting equipment. The fewer the failures, the lower the
revenue shortfall and costs to repair it. The frequency with which failures occur depends on the
operating conditions to which the pumps are submitted. In high-productivity offshore wells
monitoring is done by operators with engineering support 24h/day, which is not economically
viable for the land areas. In this context, the automation of onshore wells has clear economic
advantages.
This work proposes a system capable of automatically control the operation of electrical
submersible pumps, installed in oil wells, by an adjustment at the electric motor rotation based on
signals provided by sensors installed on the surface and subsurface, keeping the pump operating
within the recommended range, closest to the well s potential. Techniques are developed to
estimate unmeasured variables, enabling the automation of wells that do not have all the required
sensors. The automatic adjustment, according to an algorithm that runs on a programmable logic
controller maintains the flow and submergence within acceptable parameters avoiding
undesirable operating conditions, as the gas interference and high engine temperature, without
need to resort to stopping the engine, which would reduce the its useful life. The control strategy
described, based on modeling of physical phenomena and operational experience reported in
literature, is materialized in terms of a fuzzy controller based on rules, and all generated
information can be accompanied by a supervisory system |
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