The Hippocampus code : a computational study of the structure and function of the hippocampus /
Abstract: There is no consensual understanding on what the activity of the hippocam pus neurons represents. While experiments with humans foster a dominant view of an episodic memory system, experiments with rodents promote its role as a spatial cognitive system. Although there is abundant evidence...
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| Endereço do item: | https://app.bczm.ufrn.br/home/#/item/233939 |
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| Resumo: | Abstract: There is no consensual understanding on what the activity of the hippocam pus neurons represents. While experiments with humans foster a dominant view of an episodic memory system, experiments with rodents promote its role as a spatial cognitive system. Although there is abundant evidence pointing to an overlap between these two theories, the dissociation is sus tained by conflicting physiological data. This thesis proposes that the func tional role of the hippocampus should be analyzed in terms of its structure and function rather than by the correlation of neuronal activity and behav ioral performance. The identification of the hippocampus code, i.e. the set of computational principles underlying the input-output transformations of neural activity, might ultimately provide a unifying understanding of its role. In this thesis we present a theoretical model that quantitatively describes and interprets the selectivity of regions of the hippocampus to spatial and non-spatial variables observed in experiments with rats. The results suggest that the multiple aspects of memory expressed in human and rodent data are derived form similar principles. This approach suggests new principles for memory, pattern completion and plasticity. In addition, by creating a causal tie between the neural circuitry and behavior through a robotic con trol framework we show that the conjunctive nature of neural selectivity observed in the hippocampus is needed for effective problem solving in real-world tasks such as foraging. Altogether, these results advance the concept that the hippocampal code is generic to the different aspects of memory highlighted in the literature.#$&Resum: Actualment, no hi ha consens cientific respecte a la informacio representada en la activitat de les celules del hipocamp. D'una banda, experiments amb humans sostenen una vision de la funcio de l'hipocamp com a un sistema per Pemmagatzematge de memories episodiques, mentre que la recerca amb rodents enfatitza una visio com a sistema cognitiu espacial. Tot i que existeix abundant evidencia experimental que indica una possible sobreposicio d'ambdues teories, aquesta dissociacio tambe es mante en part en base a dades fisiologiques aparentment incompatibles. Aquesta tèsi poposa que l'hippocamp te un rol funcional que s'hauria d'analitzar en termes de la seva estructura i funcio, enlloc de mitjanga estudis correlacio entre activitat neuronal i comportament. La identificacio d'un codi a l'hipocamp, es a dir, el conjunt de principis computacionals que conformen les transformacions d'entrada i sortida de l'activitat neuronal, hauria de proporcionar un explicacio unificada de la seva funcio. En aquesta tdsi presentem un model teoric que descriu quantitativament i que interpreta la selectivitat de certes regions de l'hipocamp en funcio de variables espaials i no-espaials, tal i com observada en experiments amb rates. Aquest resultat suggereix que multiples aspectes de la memoria expressada en humans i rodents deriven d'uns mateixos principis. Per aquest motius, proposem nous principis per la memoria, l'auto-completat de patrons i plasticitat. A mes, mitjangant aplicacions robotiques, creem d'un nexe causal entre el circuit neural i el comportament amb el que demostrem la naturalesa conjuntiva de la se ectivitat neuronal observada en el hipocamp es necesshria per la solucio de problemes prhctics comuns, com per example la cerca d'aliments. Tot plegat, aquests resultats avancen en l'idea general de que el codi de l'hipo camp es generic i aplicable als diversos tipus de memories estudiades en la literatura. |
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